Prostatitis or prostatitis can be acute and chronic. Generally, organ damage is caused by specific or non-specific infections, and sometimes pathological changes due to congestion of the small pelvis. The main symptoms are urinary system disease and decreased effectiveness. Treatment should be comprehensive, including the use of drugs and normalization of blood circulation in the male pelvic organs.
Classification and characteristics of prostatitis
Male prostatitis is a pathology that will significantly reduce the patient’s quality of life and cause many serious complications in the urinary and genital areas.
Prostatitis can be acute or chronic. The latter can occur alone (which happens often), or the result of an untreated acute process.
Classify prostate inflammation as follows:
- The first category, or acute bacterial prostatitis.
- The second is chronic bacterial inflammation.
- Third or chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (chronic pelvic pain syndrome). It is divided into 3A-inflammatory and 3B-non-inflammatory.
- The fourth is asymptomatic inflammation of the prostate.
The first and second categories are established for patients with positive bacteriological studies. The difference is that the first diagnosis is made when the symptoms last no more than 3 months. With the appearance of clinical manifestations, chronic bacterial prostatitis was diagnosed.
The third category is also called chronic pelvic pain syndrome, because the main symptom of the patient is pain that lasts for at least 3 months. When examining secretions (ejaculation after massage, urine, glandular secretions), no pathological flora was detected. In these analyses, if the number of white blood cells increases, inflammatory prostatitis (category 3A) can be determined, and its normal content is non-inflammatory.
In most men, because of certain pathological symptoms, the patient seeks help, so one of the above categories can be identified.
Recently, doctors have identified the fourth subtype of the disease-asymptomatic prostatitis. It is accidentally diagnosed during medical examinations or while examining other diseases of the male genitourinary system. The danger of this form is that there are pathological changes in the prostate, but the disease does not show any subjective symptoms. This condition often leads to the development of infertility.
Why do men have a burning sensation in the urethra
Reason
Acute prostatitis in men is caused by E. coli infection in 70% of cases.In other cases, the pathology is caused by enteric bacteria, such as Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, and Proteus. Staphylococcus and streptococcus are rare.In certain infections, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Trichomonas vaginalis can cause acute prostatitis.
The influencing factors are:
- Perform various surgical operations on male genitourinary organs.
- Due to the chronic and acute inflammatory process of the urethra, the urethra becomes narrow.
- Perform diagnostic procedures-cystoscopy, ureteroscopy, etc.
- Benign prostate hyperplasia leads to irregular urination.
- Under the influence of reduced immunity and other diseases of the body, conditional pathogenic bacteria (Enterobacter) are activated as pathogenic bacteria.
- Irregular sex life leads to stagnant prostate secretions.
Chronic inflammation
If chronic prostatitis manifests as a continuation of the acute process, then the cause will be the same. In the case of this disease, the main cause is:
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Clostridium.
- Gonorrhea and Trichomonas (can cause chronic form immediately, without acute phase).
- Salmonella.
- Various fungi.
In the mechanism of pathological appearance, phenomena such as intra-prostatic reflux (the backflow of urine to the prostate through the excretory tube) plays an important role. As a result of this process, infection can easily enter the organs, multiply and cause inflammation. Increase reflux:
- Phimosis (foreskin narrowing);
- Reduced urethral lumen;
- Balanitis (inflammation of the foreskin);
- Urethral obstruction of urinary tract stones accompanied by dental calculus.
Reflux and irregular activities increase the stagnation process of the prostate, which leads to the active reproduction of microorganisms, and the intensification and spread of inflammation.As a result, fibrotic areas appear (normal tissues areFunctional connective tissue instead) and prostate stones. All of these enhance the pathological process and lead to serious consequences.
Bacterial chronic prostatitis
Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is synonymous with this disease and occurs without any microorganisms in the secretions detected by standard microbiological methods.
There are several theories of pathology:
- is contagious;
- Chemical inflammation;
- Immunity.
The proof of the infection theory is that the DNA of the pathogen is detected in the secretions of the prostate during the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, other microbial methods cannot detect the microorganisms themselves.
Generally, the genetic material of the following bacteria can be found using CPPS:
- Ureaplasma lactolyticum (ureaplasma lactolytic).
- Mycoplasma hominis.
- Chlamydia trachomatis.
- Trichomonas vaginalis.
The theory of chemical inflammation explains CPPS as reflux in the prostate, but in this case, the cause is not the bacteria, but the urine itself. Once in the prostate, it can cause damage to the cell structure and inflammation.
According to immune theory, pathology is the result of an autoimmune process, or the result of an immune response to foreign antigens entering the organ.
In most cases, CPPS is not only caused by 1, but also by its complex effects.
The predisposing factor of asymptomatic prostatitis can be anyone who can cause the above categories, and the only difference lies in the course of the disease.
Symptoms
Acute bacterial inflammation of the prostate is characterized by general and local symptoms.The first is the severe pain in the suprapubic area and the perineum, and the obstacle to urination until it stops completely. The patient’s general symptoms involve body aches, sweating, chills, fever, and weakness.
Sometimes the pain only occurs when defecation or sitting. In some atypical cases, fever is the only sign of illness.
Severe prostate edema can cause acute urine retention. This is due to the fact that organs of increased size squeeze the urethra and form a mechanical obstacle to the flow of bladder contents. At the same time, the patient's overall condition has deteriorated significantly: signs of poisoning are increasing every hour, and in severe cases, consciousness disturbance or even coma may occur.
In the case of delayed diagnosis, complications may occur, such as the formation of a prostate abscess (suppuration) and further penetration of pus into the urethra or rectum. As a result, a fistula is formed, which requires surgical intervention and reconstructive surgery.
The manifestations of chronic prostatitis
The manifestations of this disease vary, ranging from no symptoms at all to a severe aggravation.
In most cases, patients worry about the different levels of pain in the perineum and rectum, which will spread to the scrotum, bones, penis and thighs. Sometimes, the pain syndrome becomes paroxysmal, reminiscent of neuralgia.
Urethral discomfort and frequent urination were also observed. Sometimes the discharge of the urethra is determined. They get worse during the day after walking, exercising, defecation, or prostate massage.
There is a feeling of heaviness, pressure, and fullness in the rectum and perineum. These symptoms will worsen after sitting for a long time. This disease is characterized by the appearance of inflammatory processes in the urinary system caused by the same flora-cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis.
Symptoms of bacterial prostatitis
CPPS is characterized by clinical manifestations of chronic bacterial inflammation of the prostate.The patient had pain in the pelvis and perineum for more than 3 months, and the bacteriological examination result was negative.There are many types of urinary system diseases:
- Frequent urination;
- Difficulty urinating (the stream is slow and requires extra effort);
- Pain when urinating.
Sometimes sexual dysfunction-decreased libido, impotence.General symptoms usually appear in the form of weakness and headache.
Medications
The main method of treatment is antibiotics. In chronic processes, fluoroquinolone drugs are needed. For acute prostatitis, β-lactam antibiotics and aminoglycoside drugs are prescribed.Treatment is divided into two stages
- First, empirical therapy (before harvesting the crops) is prescribed. To this end, third-generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones are used.
- In the second stage, the treatment is corrected based on the obtained bacteriological data and the results of the sensitivity to antibacterial agents.
- Antibiotics can significantly reduce the patient's condition.
The antibiotic treatment plan for chronic pelvic pain syndrome is as follows:
- The prescription time for fluoroquinolone drugs or doxycycline is 2 weeks.
- Repeated inspections of the prostate gland secretions, and as the symptoms eased, the medication continued for up to 4 weeks.
Treat patients with asymptomatic prostatitis with the following indications:
- Infertility;
- As a preventive measure before undergoing prostate surgery;
- When identifying pathogenic microorganisms in secretions;
- has higher blood levels of anti-prostate antibodies and positive microbiological tests.
Other ways
For prostatitis, alpha-blocker drugs are prescribed. These drugs increase the maximum and average urine flow rate, reduce the tension of the urethral wall, and eliminate the incomplete opening of the bladder neck during emptying. These effects eliminate the following phenomena:
- Frequent and painful urination;
- Reduced jet flow;
- It takes extra effort to excrete urine.
Typical representatives are alfuzosin, tamsulosin and doxazosin, which are especially important in chronic forms of disease.The course of treatment with these drugs will take at least 3 months.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are designated as symptomatic treatment. They reduce inflammation, puffiness and relieve pain.Used diclofenac, ibuprofen, nimesulide and other drugs. The duration of treatment with these drugs should not exceed 4 weeks. These drugs are taken strictly after eating because they can irritate the stomach wall.
In addition to pills, local treatments are also used. For this purpose, suppositories such as vitamin prost, prostaglandin, and uroprost were prescribed to patients. They are also suitable for prostate adenomas.
Herbs
Dwarf palm fruit extract is widely used in traditional medicine. The active substance reduces inflammation, edema and has a vascular protective effect (strengthening blood vessel walls).
The bark of African plum has a similar effect.
Prostaglandins have natural sources. It is made from the prostate of a cow. It has anti-inflammatory effects and reduces the appearance of prostate adenomas.
Folk remedies
Prostatitis can be treated with folk remedies. In terms of effectiveness, the first is the use of pumpkin seed oil. You can buy this product in a pharmacy. Take 1 tablespoon. l. 3 times a day, the course of treatment is 3-4 months.To prevent prostate disease, all men can use 30 pumpkin seeds before meals every day. You need to eat them raw because their healing properties will be lost after baking.
For treatment, you can use pumpkin seeds prepared according to the following recipe:
- Grind 0. 5 kg of peeled seeds in a meat grinder or blender.
- Add 200 grams of honey to it, then mix everything well.
- Form a 2-3 cm ball.
Store them in the refrigerator and take one capsule 30 minutes before meals. The product should be chewed for 2-3 minutes and dissolved, not swallowed. The course of treatment is 6 months.
Infusion of leaves or hazel bark soup can treat prostatitis. To prepare the first remedy, you need to take 1 tablespoon. l. Dry the leaves and brew in a glass of boiling water. You need to persist for 30 minutes and then take 1/4 of the resulting solution 4 times a day. Decoction from the bark, 1 tablespoon. l. Pour in 200ml of crushed ingredients and cook for 30 minutes in a water bath. After that, the medicine should be cooled and taken 1/4 cup 1/4 times a day.
Parsley vegetables have a healing effect on prostatitis. It has anti-inflammatory effects and helps restore sexual behavior. In this case, use parsley juice. To do this, the greens are pressed into a gruel, and the liquid is squeezed out through cheesecloth folded 3-4 times. Take 1 tablespoon. l. 3 times a day.
Use herbal medicine to treat prostatitis at home. One of them is wormwood. It can help you relieve inflammation and remove pathogens. Dry for the first 3 days-it will be absorbed in the mouth every 2-3 hours. Reduce the number of receptions to 5 in the next four days. Every night, they will produce microlysates from the grass.
For this, you need to prepare an infusion: 1 tablespoon. l. You need to take 1 liter of water. The composition should be boiled and cooled to +40 degrees. After that, the solution must be filtered. It is necessary to inject the anus (100 ml) and the urethra (50 ml). The procedure should be carried out within a week. They are indicated as chronic processes.During lavage and micro-grouting, pus may be released-this is normal and indicates that the treatment is effective.
Conclusion
Combines the main methods of treating diseases, using physical therapy, prostate massage and organ acupuncture.
People with chronic prostatitis mean that they have to undergo a comprehensive examination and treatment regularly, because they are very likely to lose reproductive function.